I don;t mean to ask a stupid question here OR to offend......do the teeth have a blue or purple color from where they may have gotten hot during the sharpening process? I have seen this before - the heat alters the tempering in the steel and thus reduces the steels ability to hold a durable edge.......just a thought. I got a chain back from a shop that did this once.....I haven't been back.
Also watch your "depth dogs" - that is what we call them anyway. They and the teeth can get a build up on them that can reduce the effectiveness of your saw as well. I chip mine off with a pocket knife when I sharpen my chain on the bar.
Another thing I have done.....so everybody go ahead an laugh......turn the chain around!!!! Yep I have been in a hurry and put the chain on backwards......it doesn't cut real well that way!!!!
Also make sure your getting the proper angle when your sharpening......I have seen this more of an issue with a round file without a guide OR going in the wrong direction when using it.
I realize these may all sound like dumb things, but I am guilty of most of them. I don't know your experience level with a saw or sharpening it. I will say I tend to never be able to get the life out of a chain after it is brand new. Not entirely sure why...but that seems to be the case, I'm also pretty hard on my stuff as well.