Gutpile gave you a pretty good idea. Basically you are looking for obstacles that deer will avoid and cover that deer will use. For mountain country, a topographic map is the place to start. Given all else being equal, deer will favor a more gentle slope rather than going up steep terrain. I said "given all else being equal" because human pressure will often override a deer's natural travel route. When you have topographic features that deer will generally avoid and they come close to each other, we have what is called a "pinch point". There are other topographic features, like a pond or lake or highway that deer will generally avoid crossing but will often parallel.
As for cover, you talked about wide open hardwoods. Once I've look at topography, I look at vegetation. Lets say you have a nice slope (relative to the alternatives) that deer will use. Once side of it is wide open and the other side has connected patches of buck laurel. Deer, especially bucks will favor the side with the cover.
Another way cover comes into play is how deer use it. Deer may bed in thick cover, but it is unlikely you will be able to approach a deer undetected in heavy cover. Deer don't stay bedded. They get up periodically and feed. In hardwoods, deer will often feed on the acorns that are along heavy cover. They can walk unobstructed as the vacuum up acorns, but they are only a few bounds away from security.
As Gutpile says, a topo map is a great starting point. It narrows down areas to consider, but there is noting like feet on the ground for specific stand site selections